CLU Units

1. Inductively Coupled Plasma/ Mass Spectrometer (ICP/MS):
   ICP – MS PerkinElmer- NexIon 300 D

   Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a type of mass spectrometry that uses inductively coupled plasma to ionize the sample. It atomizes the sample and creates atomic and small polyatomic ions, which are then detected. It is known and used for its ability to detect metals and several non-metals in liquid samples at very low concentrations. It can detect different isotopes of the same element, which makes it a versatile tool in isotopic labelling.

   Applications:

   - Water and wastewater treatment measurements.
   - Medical and forensic field, specifically, toxicology.
   - Geochemistry field for radiometric dating, in which for analyse the relative abundance of different isotopes.
   - Detecting inorganic impurities in pharmaceuticals.
   - Metal and semi-metal analysis in deionized water, chemicals, and on the wafer surface.
   - The applications include Environmental, Foods, Semiconductor, Clinical, Chemical/Petrochemical, Pharmaceutical, Consumer Goods, Forensic, Geological, Nuclear, Academic/Research.

2. Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission (ICP- OES)
   ICP-OES PerkinElmer Optima 7300 DV

   Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is an analytical technique used to determine how much certain elements are in a sample. The ICP-OES principle uses the fact that atoms and ions can absorb energy to move electrons from the ground state to an excited state.

   Applications:

   - Soil, sediment, rocks, minerals, air analysis
   - Geochemistry research
   - Mineralogical analysis
   - Agricultural analysis
   - Forestry analysis
   - Forensics analysis
   - Environmental sciences measurements - Food industry

3. Microwave Digestion System
   MARS 6 - Microwave Digestion System

   Microwave digestion is an established technique that has been used for many years. Sample digestions are used to suspend samples in the liquid phase, as this facilitates trace metal analysis. Using a microwave digestion method provides two main benefits: Firstly, using microwave energy in a sealed vessel significantly increases the boiling point of an acid. This extra temperature means samples can be digested faster and more effectively. The other advantage is that it is impossible to completely digest some types of materials using just acids at atmospheric boiling points. In order to digest these types of materials, a higher temperature is necessary. Using the sealed container, as in microwave digestions, this is possible.

   Applications:

   • Sample preparation technique for metals, trace metals, and isotopic analysis in a different matrix.
   • Applied to a broad range of samples including soils, plastics, oils, pharmaceuticals, metals mining, wastewater, consumer products, foods & feed, environmental samples, Petro & energy industry, and many more.
    

   Instrument	Manufacture	Model	Location	Person in charge
   Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Laser Ablation	PerkinElmer	NexIon 300 D	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C116	Dr. Mohammad Ibrahim Ahmad Mohammad.ibrahim@qu.edu.qa 4403 5716 Mr. Mohammad Sulaiman msulaiman@qu.edu.qa 4403 3919
   Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES)	PerkinElmer	Optima 7300 DV	BCR Building Corridor D Room No. D116	Dr. Mohammad Ibrahim Ahmad Mohammad.ibrahim@qu.edu.qa 4403 5716 Mr. Mohammad Sulaiman msulaiman@qu.edu.qa 4403 3919

4. Liquid Nitrogen Generator
   Cryogenic Liquid Nitrogen Generator LN2G

   An oil-free air compressor, internal PSA nitrogen generator combined with a Cryo-cooler, helium compressor, and internal Dewar all controlled through a colour graphic HMI touch-screen and in-house designed control software gives a fully automated system at the touch of a button.

   Applications:

   - Science projects, including making liquid nitrogen ice cream, creating nitrogen fog, and flash-freezing flowers and subsequently watching them shatter when tapped onto a hard surface.
   - The freezing and transporting of food products.
   - The cryopreservation of biological samples, such as sperm, eggs, and animal genetic samples.
   - Use as a coolant for superconductors, vacuum pumps, and other materials and equipment.
   - Use in cryotherapy to remove skin abnormalities.
   - The shielding of materials from oxygen exposure.
   - The quick freezing of water or pipes allow work on them.
   - A source of extremely dry nitrogen gas.
   - The molecular gastronomy preparation of unusual foods.
   - The cooling of materials for easier machining or fracturing

   Instrument	Manufacture	Model	Location	Person in charge
   Liquid Nitrogen Generator LN2G	Noblegen Cryogenics	LN130	Chemical Store Building	Nandagopal Sivadas Pothuvattil npothuvattil@qu.edu.qa 4403 6854

1. Ion Chromatography (IC)
   Metrohm 850 Professional IC

   Ion chromatography (or ion-exchange chromatography) separates ions and polar molecules based on their affinity to the ion exchanger. It works on almost any kind of charged molecule. The ion chromatography in the Central Laboratories Unit can analyze Anions (Fluoride, Chloride, Bromide, Nitrate, Phosphate, Sulfate) and for cations (Lithium, Sodium, Ammonium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium).

   Applications:

   - Determination of cations and anions
   - Drinking water analysis
   - Process water analysis
   - Waste water analysis
   - Extracts
   - Digested solutions
   - Diluted fruit and vegetable juice analysis

2. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)
   UPLC Waters Acquity

   UPLC is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate, identify, and quantify organic components in a mixture. Chromatography can be described as a mass transfer process involving adsorption. HPLC relies on pumps to pass a pressurized liquid and a sample mixture through a column filled with adsorbent, leading to the separation of the sample components. Detectors used of the UPLC in CLU are Ultra Violate Detector (TUV), Photo Diode Array Detector (PDA), Fluorescence Detector (FLD), and Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD).

   Applications:

   - Determination of Pesticides in Groundwater.
   - Multi-Residue Analysis of Pharmaceuticals in Waste Water.
   - Analysis of Contaminants in Foodstuffs.
   - During the drug development process, toxicity issue causes a fall out of drug candidates and this causes monetary loss to the organization.

3. Liquid chromatography Tandom Mass LC-MS/MS
   (LC-MS/MS) Agilent Technologies 6460

   Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is an analytical chemistry technique that combines the physical separation capabilities of liquid chromatography or HPLC with the mass analysis capabilities of mass spectrometry (MS). Coupled chromatography - MS systems are popular in chemical analysis because the individual capabilities of each technique are enhanced synergistically. Wide applications are capable of the LC-MS/MS, which can analyze samples with high detection sensitivity.

   Applications:

   - Biomedical Applications.
   - Environmental Applications.
   - Biochemical Screening for Genetic Disorders.
   - Pharmaceuticals.
   - Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Toxicology.
   - Vitamins and Related Metabolites.

4. Gas Chromatography (GC-FID)
   Clarus 680 Gas Chromatography- PerkinElmer

   Gas Chromatography with a Flame ionization detector (GC-FID) is one of the most important instruments. Ionization detectors interact with solutes eluted from gas chromatography (GC) columns to produce a current that varies in proportion to the amount of solute present. FID is sensitive to molecules that are ionized in a hydrogen–air flame, including most carbon-containing compounds.

   Applications:

   - Miscellaneous –analysis of food like carbohydrates, proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, steroids, drugs, and pesticides residues, trace elements.
   - Pollutants like formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, benzene, DDT.
   - Inorganic compound analysis.
   - Separation and identification of volatile materials, Plastics, natural and synthetic polymers, paints, and microbiological samples.

   Instrument	Manufacture	Model	Location	Person in charge
   Ion Chromatography (IC)	Metrohm	850 Professional IC	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C114	Mr. Ahmad Ali Ahmadi aahmadi@qu.edu.qa 4403 6614
   Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC)	Waters	Acquity	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C114	Mr. Ahmad Ali Ahmadi aahmadi@qu.edu.qa 4403 6614
   Liquid Chromatography Tandom Mass LC-MS/MS	Agilent	Agilent Technologies 6460	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C114	Mr. Mohammed Akkbik m.akkbik@qu.edu.qa
   Gas Chromatography (GC)	PerkinElmer	Clarus 680 Gas Chromatography	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C116	Mr. Mohammed Akkbik m.akkbik@qu.edu.qa

NMR spectrometer equipped with a broadband liquid probe, solid probe, and variable temperature (VT) unit. The NMR spectroscopy has become one of the essential and the most powerful analytical technologies in chemistry, especially in organic chemistry and organometallics, majorly for chemical structure identifications.

Applications:

• Determine the chemical synthesis and reaction monitoring.
• Determine the molecular structures and dynamics.
• Determine the molecular imaging.
• Determine the agriculture and food industry.
• Determine the polymers and solid materials.
• Determine the low-throughput ligand screening.

Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX) Spectroscopy:
Nova Nano SEM 450 and Quanta 200 SEM

In scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a highly energetic and focused electron beam scans the sample and normally provides an extremely enlarged image of the morphology of the sample, as well as information on its chemical composition using an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) detector. SEM-EDS is mainly used for the characterization of materials, but lately, its application has been extended to study organic-based specimens.

Applications:

• Detection and analysis of surface fractures.
• Examination of surface contaminations.
• Providing information in the microstructure.
• Revelations of spatial variations in chemical compositions.
• Wide applications in life science, biology, geology, medical, forensic science, and metallurgy.

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) FEI TECNAI G2 TEM, TF20

TEM Microscopy technique whereby a beam of electrons is transmitted through an ultra-thin specimen, interacting with the specimen of the electrons transmitted through the specimen; the image is magnified and focused onto an imaging device, such as a fluorescent screen, on a layer of photographic film, or to be detected by a sensor such as s CCD camera.

Applications:

Different fields such as life sciences, nanotechnology, medical, biological, and material research, forensic analysis, gemology, and metallurgy as well as industry and education. TEM provides topographical, morphological, compositional, and crystalline information.

1. Ultraviolet / Visible Spectrometer
   (UV/VIS) Spectrometer, Lambda 25

   Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrometer is used to measure the intensity of light, and the intensity is proportional to the wavelength. UV is routinely used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of different analyses.

   Applications:

   • Detection of the functional group.
   • Detection of the extent of conjugation.
   • Identification of an unknown compound.
   • Determination of configurations of geometrical isomers.
   • Determination of the purity of a substance.
2. FTIR Spectrometer
   FTIR Spectrometer, Spectrum 400 Perkin Elmer

   FTIR Spectrometer Is a technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid, or gas. An FTIR spectrometer simultaneously collects high-spectral-resolution data over a wide spectral range. This confers a significant advantage over a dispersive spectrometer, which measures intensity over a narrow range of wavelengths at a time.

   Applications:

   • Materials Analysis
   • Forensics
   • Pharmaceuticals
   • Biomedical Research
   • Academic Research
   • Biomaterials
3. Raman Spectrometer
   Raman Thermo Scientific DXR3

   Raman Spectrometer is one of the vibrational spectroscopic techniques used to provide information about molecular vibrations that can be used for sample identification and quantitation. This technique uses a laser light source to irradiate a sample and generates an infinitesimal amount of Raman scattered light, which is detected as a Raman spectrum using a CCD camera.

   Applications:

   • Measurement of stress.
   • Measurement of mid-range order of solid.
   • The water content of silicate glasses and minerals.
   • Phase transition and order-disorder transitions in minerals.
   • Speciation of water in glasses.

   Instrument	Manufacture	Model	Location	Person in charge
   Scanning Electron Microscopy with EDX Detector	FEI (Thermo Fisher)	Nova Nano SEM 450 & Bruker EDX Detector	BCR Building Corridor D Room No. D114	Mr. Essam Shabaan Mohamed Attia e.attia@qu.edu.qa 4403-3937
   Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR-NIR)	PerkinElmer	Spectrum 400	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C113	Ms. Muneera Al-Qahtani mualqahtani@qu.edu.qa 4403 3935
   Ultraviolet-Visible (UV/VIS) Spectrometer	PerkinElmer	Lambda 25	BCR Building Corridor D Room No. D117	Eng. Sherin Abdel Fatah Mohammed sherin.a@qu.edu.qa 4403 3936
   Raman Microscope	Thermo Fisher	DXR Dispersive Raman	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C113	Eng. Sherin Abdel Fatah Mohammed sherin.a@qu.edu.qa 4403 3936

1. Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA)
   TGA Perkin Elmer Pyris 6 TGA

   A technique in which the mass of the sample is monitored against time or temperature while the temperature of the sample, in a specified atmosphere.

   Applications:

   - Ceramic application
   - Metal material application
   - Carbon capture
   - Polymer application
   - Pharmaceuticals
   - Food

2. Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)
   (DSC) Perkin Elmer Jade DSC

   DSC is a thermos analytical technique used to study the thermal properties of the polymer using a differential scanning calorimeter. In this process, the difference for the heat required to increase the temperature of a sample and reference is measured as a function of temperature.

   Applications:

   • DSC used in the study of liquid crystals.
   • The study of the stability to oxidation of samples.
   • Used in the pharmaceutical and polymer industries.
   • Examination of polymers to check their composition.
3. Thermogravimetric Analysis/Mass Spectrometry (TGA-MS) (TGA-MS):
   (TGA-MS) TA SDTQ600

   It is a powerful technique that has been used for to characterize solid and liquid sample. Additional information about sample composition and thermal behavior can be obtained by analyzing the gases that leave the material as it is heated.

   Applications:

   • Ceramic application
   • Metal material application
   • Carbon capture
   • Polymer application
   • Pharmaceuticals
   • Food analysis

   Instrument	Manufacture	Model	Location	Person in charge
   Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA)	PerkinElmer	Pyris 6 TGA	BCR Building Corridor D Room No. D117	Ms. Muneera Al-Qahtani mualqahtani@qu.edu.qa 4403 3935
   Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)	PerkinElmer	Jade DSC	BCR Building Corridor D Room No. D117	Ms. Muneera Al-Qahtani mualqahtani@qu.edu.qa 4403 3935
   Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer with Mass Spectrometry (TGA- MS)	TA	SDTQ600	BCR Building Corridor D Room No. D117	Ms. Muneera Al-Qahtani mualqahtani@qu.edu.qa 4403 3935

1. Elemental Analyzer (CHNS/O)
   Flash 2000 Elemental Analyzer (CHNS/O)

   The analyzer is a combustion technique that determines the weight of percent carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, or oxygen in a variety of sample types.

   Applications:

   • Organic, Inorganic chemistry and Pharmaceutical
   • Material Characterization
   • Environmental Analysis
   • Agronomy and Marine Science
   • Petro Chemistry and Energy
   • Human and animal sample
   • Isotopic analyses.
2. TOC/TN Analyzer
   TOC/TN Analyzer Skalar Primacs MCS - Formacs CA16

   TOC is an indirect measure of organic molecules present in water and measured as carbon. One approach used to measure TOC involves subtracting the measured inorganic carbon (IC) from the measured total carbon (TC).

   Applications:

   • Drinking water
   • Wastewater
   • Surface water
   • Seawater
   • High saline waters
   • Process control
   • Pharmaceutical industry
   • Soil extracts

   Instrument	Manufacture	Model	Location	Person in charge
   CHNS % Organic Elemental Analyzer	Thermo Fisher	Flash 2000	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C113	Dr. Ahmed Easa ahmedaali@qu.edu.qa 4403 6782
   % NC Soil Elemental Analyzer	Thermo Fisher	Flash 2000	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C113	Dr. Ahmed Easa ahmedaali@qu.edu.qa 4403 6782
   Total Organic Carbon/Total Nitrogen Analyzer	Skalar	Primacs MCS - Formacs CA16	BCR Building Corridor C Room No. C113	Dr. Ahmed Easa ahmedaali@qu.edu.qa 4403 6782